Immunotherapy is a\nmethod of allergy treatment that involves introducing small amounts of allergen\nto your body and then gradually building up doses over a period of time until\nyou develop an immunity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
There are two types\nof immunotherapy treatments: subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), also known as\nallergy shots, and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), or allergy drops. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Individuals with\nallergy symptoms that do not respond to medical treatment are prime candidates\nfor immunotherapy. Once the allergen trigger has been identified, an extract of\nthat substance is prepared. The delivery method depends on which type of\nimmunotherapy treatment you are receiving. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you opt for\nallergy shots, you are given small injections in the upper arm once or twice a\nweek until a maintenance dose is reached. The frequency is gradually reduced\nover a period of several months, until you are receiving shots about once a\nmonth. It takes three to five years for your body to build up a tolerance to\nthe allergen, so treatment is a long-term commitment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sublingual\nimmunotherapy works on the same principle, but instead of allergy shots, you\nare given drops that you place under your tongue for several minutes and then\nswallow. This is usually done on a daily basis and, like allergy shots, results\ntake anywhere from three to five years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sublingual\nimmunotherapy is not yet FDA approved but has several advantages over allergy\nshots, namely the ability to self-administer at home and a lower risk of side\neffects and allergic reactions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Both forms of\nimmunotherapy are considered safe and effective long-term treatments for a\nnumber of allergies. Immunotherapy is most effective for those allergic to\npollen, mold, dust mites, animal dander and insect venom. It will not work for\nfood or drug allergies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Side effects and complications are rare. Those receiving allergy shots might notice a little redness, swelling and tenderness at the injection site. Maintaining a consistent injection schedule helps to reduce the odds of serious reactions. <\/p>\n\n\n